The basics of the US immigration system

17 Cards

EDITED BY Dara Lind

2014-09-03 14:33:40 -0400

  1. What is immigration reform?
  2. Who are the immigrants currently in the United States?
  3. How many immigrants enter the country each year?
  4. How does legal immigration work right now?
  5. What is the difference between a high-skilled and low-skilled immigrant?
  6. What is an unauthorized immigrant?
  7. How does the United States patrol its borders?
  8. How does deportation work?
  9. How has the Obama Administration changed deportation policy?
  10. What is the DREAM Act?
  11. Can immigrants receive public benefits?
  12. What was the immigration reform bill the Senate passed in 2013?
  13. What is E-Verify?
  14. What is an entry-exit visa system?
  15. What are individual states doing on immigration?
  16. What did the 1986 immigration reform bill do?
  17. What else should I be reading on the subject?
  1. Card 1 of 17

    What is immigration reform?

  2. Card 2 of 17

    Who are the immigrants currently in the United States?

  3. Card 3 of 17

    How many immigrants enter the country each year?

  4. Card 4 of 17

    How does legal immigration work right now?

  5. Card 5 of 17

    What is the difference between a high-skilled and low-skilled immigrant?

  6. Card 6 of 17

    What is an unauthorized immigrant?

  7. Card 7 of 17

    How does the United States patrol its borders?

  8. Card 8 of 17

    How does deportation work?

  9. Card 9 of 17

    How has the Obama Administration changed deportation policy?

  10. Card 10 of 17

    What is the DREAM Act?

  11. Card 11 of 17

    Can immigrants receive public benefits?

  12. Card 12 of 17

    What was the immigration reform bill the Senate passed in 2013?

  13. Card 13 of 17

    What is E-Verify?

  14. Card 14 of 17

    What is an entry-exit visa system?

  15. Card 15 of 17

    What are individual states doing on immigration?

  16. Card 16 of 17

    What did the 1986 immigration reform bill do?

    The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, also known as the 1986 amnesty, allowed millions of unauthorized immigrants to apply for legal status. It also made it illegal for an employer to knowingly hire an unauthorized immigrant.

    Before the law passed, there were 3.2 million unauthorized immigrants in the country; 2.7 million of them obtained legal status under the law. Yet many unauthorized immigrants failed to meet the bill's requirements. So, in 1988, the unauthorized population of the country was still 1.9 million. And it kept rising for the next 20 years, to 12 million in 2006, before decreasing slightly during the recession to 11.5 million today.

    Critics of immigration reform today argue that the 1986 law took a flawed amnesty first approach that didn't pay enough attention to workplace enforcement. The bill essentially let employers off the hook if they accepted fake documents from employees — and so, spurred a growth in the market for fake documentation. What's more, employers who paid unauthorized immigrants off the books only got caught if the government happened to raid their workplace or audit them.

    Immigration reform supporters, meanwhile, say that the big problem wasn't the 1986 law that granted amnesty. Instead, the problem was a subsequent 1996 law that escalated border security and made it harder for unauthorized immigrants to get legal while in the US. That law, they say, had the paradoxical effect of encouraging immigrants to stay in the United States and settle here with their families, rather than risking a dangerous border crossing, while forcing them to stay unauthorized.

  17. Card 17 of 17

    What else should I be reading on the subject?