People on Earth speak thousands of different languages. But given the ubiquity of some languages, like English and Mandarin, it's easy to forget just how many there are around the planet. This map provides some great perspective.
Instead of representing each language, the map groups territory by which broader language family the dominant local language falls into. For instance, western and southern Europe are deep blue, because most locals speak one one of the Romance languages (like French, Spanish, and Italian) that descended from Latin. When you look globally, the diversity is dizzying:
Some areas are particularly rich. South America, for instance, looks like a work of modern art: it contains so many different language families that colors are splattered all over.
Another thing that's interesting, though, is the global dominance of Indo-European languages. This category includes Romance languages, Germanic languages like English and German, Indic languages like Hindi, and even Iranian languages like Farsi. When you merge all of the Indo-European sub-families, you see how much of the globe that family represents:
One last note: though the globe's linguistic diversity is impressive, it's shrinking. In 2011, David Harmon, a scholar who runs the Index of Linguistic Diversity, warned of a potential for linguistic "mass extinction" in the 21st century. Though there were 7,000 spoken languages in 2011, global linguistic diversity has been in decline. Only 80 percent of languages spoken in 1970 still existed by 2005:
National Geographic
Harmon and his colleagues blame a confluence of forces for declining linguistic diversity, including "globalization, government policies that may favor certain official languages and actively or at least tacitly suppress smaller languages, economic pressures." So it's possible that, in the not-so-distant future, the maps above are going to start looking a lot more monochrome.
